Assay Information
ELISA Assays
The most versatile and frequently used methodology at CLASS are ELISAs. Our assay team has set-up and completed over 2000 ELISA plates in the past 10 years, and we continue to look to this technology for its excellent sensitivity and coverage of more esoteric analytes. We have also designed and created custom ELISA plates in the past if there is not one commercially available for a given analyte. In brief, a sandwich ELISA (the most common form of ELISA we employ) functions by coating a microplate with an antibody specific to the analyte of interest. A biospecimen is then added to the microplate well, and any of the analyte of interest that is present in the biospecimen is bound by the antibodies coated on the plate. A “sandwich” is then created by adding a conjugated antibody specific to another region of the analyte of interest, thereby creating a microplate-antibody-analyte-antibody-conjugate sandwich. The conjugate is a developing enzyme, such as horseradish peroxidase, which generates color when a substrate is adding to the plate. The color generating reaction is ended using acid, and the absorbency of each well is assessed using a spectrophotometer. By comparing the absorbency of a sample well to a set of standards, we can then determine the concentration of the analyte in each sample.
We cannot feasibly list every ELISA available, but below is a sampling of analytes we have assayed with ELISA techniques in the past:
- 17β-Estradiol+
- Manufacturer: Arbor Assays
- Catalog Number: K030
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, Tissue Culture Media, Dried Fecal Extracts
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 26.5 pg/mL
- 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHDG)+
- Manufacturer: Northwest Life Science Specialties
- Catalog Number: NWK-8OHDG02
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, DNA Extracts
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 125 pg/mL
- Adiponectin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DRP300
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 10 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 3.9 ng/mL
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)+
- Manufacturer: Alpco
- Catalog Number: 21-ACTHU-E01
- Sample Type: Plasma
- Required Volume: 400 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 5 pg/mL
- Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)+
- Manufacturer: AnshLabs
- Catalog Number: AL-105
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 50 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.023 ng/mL
- Beta-Endorphin+
- Manufacturer: Elabscience
- Catalog Number: E-EL-H0572
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 9.38 pg/mL
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DBNT00
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, Milk, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 20 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 15.6 pg/mL
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DCRP00
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 10 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.78 ng/mL
- Cortisol+
- Manufacturer: Alpco
- Catalog Number: 11-CORHU-E01
- Sample Type: Serum
- Required Volume: 40 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.4 µg/dL
- Cortisol (Salivary)+
- Manufacturer: Salimetrics
- Catalog Number: 1-3002
- Sample Type: Saliva
- Required Volume: 50 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.007 µg/dL
- Cotinine+
- Manufacturer: CalBiotech
- Catalog Number: CO096D
- Sample Type: Serum, Urine
- Required Volume: 20 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: Not Available
- Cystatin C+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DSCTC0
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Saliva, Urine, Milk
- Required Volume: 20 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.102 ng/mL
- Endothelin-1+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DET100
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 300 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.087 pg/mL
- Estriol (Total)+
- Manufacturer: DiaMetra
- Catalog Number: DKO019
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 40 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.22 ng/mL
- Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1G)+
- Manufacturer: Arbor Assays
- Catalog Number: K036
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Tissue Culture Media, Dried Fecal Extracts
- Required Volume: 350 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 8.76 pg/mL
- Galectin-3+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DGAL30
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 75 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.313 ng/mL
- Ghrelin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DY8149-05
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 31.3 pg/mL
- HMW Adiponectin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DHWAD0
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 10 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 3.9 ng/mL
- Inhibin B+
- Manufacturer: AnshLabs
- Catalog Number: AL-107
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 4.6 pg/mL
- Interleukin-10 (IL-10)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: HS100C
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 400 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.78 pg/mL
- Interleukin-12 p70 (IL-12)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: HS120
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 400 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.78 pg/mL
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: HS600C
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.031 pg/mL
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: HS800
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 1 pg/mL
- Leptin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DLP00
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 10 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 15.6 pg/mL
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: MMP200
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 20 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.5 ng/mL
- Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP-1)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DCP00
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 250 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 31.3 pg/mL
- Osteoprotegerin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DY805
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 62.5 pg/mL
- Osterocalcin (Intact)+
- Manufacturer: Alpco
- Catalog Number: 38-OSTHU-E01
- Sample Type: Serum
- Required Volume: 50 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 1.56 ng/mL
- Oxytocin+
- Manufacturer: Arbor Assays
- Catalog Number: K048
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Milk
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 16.38 pg/mL
- PAI-1+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DSE100
- Sample Type: Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.313 ng/mL
- RANK Ligand (RANK L)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DY626
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 200 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 78.1 pg/mL
- Resistin+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DRSN00
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 60 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.156 ng/mL
- Serotonin+
- Manufacturer: Alpco
- Catalog Number: 17-SERHU-E01-FST
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine
- Required Volume: 50 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 85.1 ng/mL
- Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: DSHBG0B
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Cell Culture Supernates
- Required Volume: 10 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.063 nmol/L
- Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)+
- Manufacturer: AssayPro
- Catalog Number: ET1001-1
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma, Urine, Saliva, Milk
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.013 ng/mL
- Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α)+
- Manufacturer: R&D Systems
- Catalog Number: HSTA00E
- Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
- Required Volume: 100 µL
- Lower Limit of Detection: 0.156 pg/mL